Find analyte concentration from a titration
A titration calculator finds the molar concentration of an analyte from a known titrant concentration, the titrant volume delivered at the endpoint, the analyte aliquot volume, and coefficients from the balanced chemical equation. Keeping the analyte and titrant roles named makes the calculation easier to audit than substituting four unlabeled numbers into a ratio.
Use this calculator after the reaction and valid endpoint method are known. It can support acid-base, redox, complexometric, precipitation, or other stoichiometric titrations when molar concentration and the balanced equation describe the reaction. It does not identify the analyte, choose a titrant, balance a chemical equation, standardize a reagent, or decide which indicator or instrument response represents the endpoint.
Apply balanced-equation coefficients in the correct direction
Write the relevant reaction as a analyte + b titrant → products. At stoichiometric equivalence, nanalyte ÷ a = ntitrant ÷ b, so Canalyte = Ctitrant × Vtitrant × a ÷ (Vanalyte × b). The analyte coefficient a belongs in the numerator and the titrant coefficient b belongs in the denominator. The result steps show that direction explicitly because reversing a and b changes every non-1:1 answer.
Coefficients count reacting formula amounts, not ionic charge magnitude or subscripts copied from a formula without balancing the reaction. Reduce or scale a balanced equation consistently: coefficients 1 and 2 give the same ratio as 2 and 4. Enter positive whole-number coefficients from the reaction used by the analytical method, and verify that side reactions or multiple endpoints have not changed the intended stoichiometry.
Work through a titration concentration example
For H2SO4 + 2 NaOH → Na2SO4 + 2 H2O, let sulfuric acid be the analyte, so a = 1, and sodium hydroxide be the titrant, so b = 2. If 25.00 mL analyte requires 40.00 mL of 0.1000 mol/L titrant, Canalyte = 0.1000 × 40.00 × 1 ÷ (25.00 × 2) = 0.08000 mol/L.
Both volumes can be entered in millilitres because their identical conversion to litres cancels in the ratio. Litres would give the same concentration if both volumes were converted. Do not mix 25.00 mL with 0.04000 L without converting one of them. Concentration units also remain those of the titrant, so a titrant entered in mmol/L should not be reported as mol/L unless an explicit unit conversion is performed.
Check equivalence arithmetic and experimental quality
Multiply the reported analyte concentration by analyte volume and divide by a. Multiply titrant concentration by titrant volume and divide by b. The two proportional reaction amounts should match within rounding. Also ask whether a stronger titrant should require less volume for the same aliquot, whether replicate titres agree, and whether the calculated concentration has an appropriate number of significant figures.
A visible endpoint is an experimental observation, while the equivalence point is the theoretical stoichiometric condition. Indicator transition range, electrode calibration, overshooting, air bubbles, meniscus reading, reagent drift, blank correction, temperature, sample matrix, and competing reactions can separate the two. The calculator uses the entered endpoint volume as if it represents the method’s intended stoichiometric point; it cannot evaluate those experimental errors.
Method limits, laboratory safety, and privacy
Do not turn this arithmetic into a procedure for mixing unknown substances. Titrants and analytes may be corrosive, oxidizing, toxic, volatile, or otherwise hazardous, and the reaction itself may release heat or gas. Follow an approved analytical method for reagent identity, standardization, sample preparation, protective equipment, ventilation, endpoint detection, waste handling, quality control, and uncertainty. Regulated results require the validated method and competent review.
The values are calculated in the current browser tab. NexaCurrent does not upload the quantities, formulas, chemical names, element choices, or other information entered here, and no account is needed. Copying is a deliberate action after the answer and working are visible. Refreshing or leaving the page clears the current calculation, so keep a copied result if it is needed for later study.